Numerical Study of the Effect of Three Different Types of Winglets on Aerodynamic Performance Flow in With Low Reynolds Number

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mech. Engg. Dept. Faculty of Engg. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Abstract

In this study, the effectiveness of three types of winglets such as Blended , Multi-tip, and Raked on a specific wing,
is investigated by using a numerical method based on finite volume and pressure-based algorithms. In this
numerical method, the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used. In this simulation Reynolds number is 1.5×105
and SD7032 airfoil is used for wing section by 4.6 aspect ratio. The stresses on the wing surface are calculated by
the wall functions, and the convective fluxes are computed by the second-order upwind accuracy. In this research,
the specific airfoil is used for wing and winglet and the effectiveness on the aerodynamic performance of a
rectangular wing has been investigated. Evaluation of aerodynamic coefficients and flow physics have shown that
using the same airfoil for wing and winglet with different angles of attack, It has increased the performance of the
Multi-tip winglet by 3.1 percent compared to the case of using two airfoil and also for Blended and Multi-tip < br />winglets compared to the wing without winglet will increase an average aerodynamic performance by 10.5 and 10
percent. But for Raked winglet, it has only a small effect on reducing the power of the vortex core.

Keywords


Barnes, W. and McCormick, W. “Aerodynamics
Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics”, ed: New
York: Wiley, 1995.##
2. Cleynen, O. “Drag Curves for an Aircraft with a
Given Weight in Flight Available”,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drag_
curves_for_aircraft_in_flight.svg, 2016.##
3. Anderson, J. D. “Fundamentals of
Aerodynamics”, Fifth ed. New York: McGraw-
Hill, 2011.##
4. Chambers, J. R. “Concept to Reality:
Contributions of the Langley Research Center to
US Civil Aircraft of the 1990s”. Virginia, United
States: NASA, 2003##
5. Jarrett, P. “FW Lanchester and the Great
Divide”,https://www.aerosociety.com/media/484
6/fw-lanchester-and-the-great-divide.pdf, 2014.##
6. Whitcomb, R. T. “A Design Approach and
Selected Wind Tunnel Results at High Subsonic
Speeds for Wing-tip Mounted Winglets”,
NASAL-10908, 1976.##
7. Mihaela, S. D. “Estimating the Oswald Factor
from Basic Aircraft Geometrical Parameters”,
Hamburg University of Applied Sciences. no.
281424, p. 19, 2012.##
8. Guerrero, J. E, Maestro D, and Bottaro, A. J.
“Biomimetic Spiroid Winglets for Lift and Drag
Control”, Comptes Rendus Mecanique. Vol.
340, no. 1-2, pp. 67-80, 2012.##
9. Gold, V. K. “Aerodynamic Effects of Local
Dihedral on a Raked Wingtip”, 40th AIAA
Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, 2002.##
10. Halpert, P. D, Prescott, D. H, Yechout, T. R, and
Arndt, M. “Aerodynamic Optimization and
Evaluation of KC-135R Winglets, Raked
Wingtips, and a Wingspan Extension”, 48th
AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 2010.##
11. Sohn, M. H. and Chang, J. W. “Visualization
and PIV Study of Wing-tip Vortices for Three
Different Tip Configurations”, Aerospace
Science and Technology. Vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 40-
46, 2012.##
12. Altab, H, Atour, H, Hossen, Jakari, H, and
Iqbal, A.K.M.P. “Prediction of Aerodynamic
Characteristics of an Aircraft Model With and
Without Winglet Using Fuzzy Logic
Technique”, Aerospace Science and Technology.
Vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 595-605, 2011.##
13. Cosin, R, F, Catalano, Correa, L.G.N, and Entz
R. “Aerodynamic Analysis of Multi-Winglets for
Low Speed Aircraft”, 27th International
Congress of the Aeronautical Sciences, 2010.##
14. Savile, D. J. E. “Adaptive Evolution in the Avian
Wing”, Pathology Laboratory, Science Service,
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1956##
15. Lynch, M. K. “Bio-inspired Adaptive Wingtip
Devices for Low Reynolds Number Operation”,
Master of Science Dissertation, University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 2017.##
16. Panagiotou, P, Kaparos, and Yakinthos K.
“Winglet Design and Optimization for a Male
UAV Using CFD”, Aerospace Science and
Technology. Vol. 39, pp. 190-205, 2014.##

17. Narayan, G. and John, B. J. A. S. “Effect of
Winglets Induced Tip Vortex Structure on the
Performance of Subsonic Wings”, Aerospace
Science and Technology. Vol. 58, pp. 328-340,
2016.##
18. Bravo-Mosquera, P. D, Cerón-Munoz, H. D,
and Diaz-Vazquez, G. “Conceptual Design and
CFD Analysis of a New Prototype of
Agricultural Aircraft”, Aerospace Science and
Technology. Vol. 80, pp. 156-176, 2018.##
19. Versteeg, M. H. and Malalasekera, W. “An
Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics”,
Second ed. England: Pearson Education, 2006.##
20. Munson, B. R, Young, D. F, Okiishi, T. H, and
Huebsch, W. W. “Fundamentals of Fluid
Mechanics”, Sixth ed. USA: WILEY, 2009##
21. Spalart, P. and Allmaras, S. “A One-Equation
Turbulence Model for Aerodynamic Flows”, in
30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit,
1992, p. 439.##
22. Ansys. “ANSYS Fluent Users Guide”,
http://www.pmt.usp.br/academic/martoran/notas
modelosgrad/ansys%20fluent%20users%20guid
e.pdf, 2013##
  • Receive Date: 11 July 2020
  • Revise Date: 27 October 2020
  • Accept Date: 23 January 2021
  • Publish Date: 21 June 2020