Numerical study of destruction effects due to collision of bullet on airplane wing

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Engineering, Imam Ali University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Engineering, Imam Ali University

3 department of engineering, imam ali university

4 Astronautical Systems Research Institute Aerospace Research

Abstract

In the present research, studies were conducted by a three-dimensional simulation of fluid flow passing around both an undamaged wing and a wing damaged by a bullet (namely a star-shaped damaged wing), using the Ansys-Fluent numerical software. We assumed a viscous, unsteady and incompressible flow to observe the effects of wing damage on aerodynamic performance and coefficients such as the lift and drag coefficients. In order to conduct the study, for the wing consisting of  airfoil, the Reynolds number  value was considered equal to . After meshing and gaining grid independency, the results were validated. Due to the turbulence of the flow regime, we have used the  turbulence model to properly investigate the problem near the wall and outer layers. As a novelty in the present study, in addition to the mentioned model, and turbulence models have also been used to simulate the problem and examine the differences resulting from their usage. The numerical results were validated with the valid results available, as a good agreement was observed. The numerical results show that a star-shaped damaged in the wing leads to reducing the lift force, increasing the drag forces and thus reducing the aerodynamic performance of the wing. Also, the results show that by increasing the angle of attack, a severe star-shaped damage on the wing reduces the lift forces and increases the drag forces.

Keywords

References

[1] Scott, D., Westkaemper, J., Sigal, A., and Stearman. R. “The Influence of Ballistic Damage on the Aeroelastic Characteristics of Lifting Surfaces”, AFOSR TR-80-0220, 1979.##
[2] Render, P.M., Silva, S., Walton, A.J. and Mani, M. "Experimental Investigation Into the Aerodynamics of Battle Damaged Airfoils", J. Aircraft,Vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 539-549, 2007.##
[3] Saeidi, M., Ajalli, F. and Mani, M. “A Comprehensive Numerical Study of Battle Damage and Repairs Upon the Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aerofoil”, Aeronaut. J.,Vol. 114, no. 1158, pp. 469-484, 2010.##
[4] Marzabadi, F., Boroumand, B., Mani, M. and Ajalli, F. “Aerodynamic Investigation of a Damaged Airfoil with Wall Effects”, Transaction B: Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 3395-405, 2010.##
[5] Marzabadi, F., Boroumand, B., Mani, M. and Ajalli, F. “Aerodynamic Investigation of a Damaged Airfoil with Wall Effects”, Transaction B: Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 3395-405, 2010.##
[6] Yahyavi, M., Mani, M. and Naddaf, H. “Numerical Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Damaged Infinite Wings with Variation in Penetration Angle”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 12, no. 4120, 2020.##
[7] Render, P. M. and Pickhaver, T. W. “The Influence of Hole Orientation on the Aerodynamics of Battle Damaged Wings”, Paper presented 30th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. AIAA; New Orleans, USA, 2012.##
[8] Hayes, C. “Effects of Simulated Wing Damage on the Aerodynamic Characteristic of Swept Wing Airplane Model”, Hardpress, NASA, TMX-1550, United States, 1968.##
[9] Spearman, M.L. “Wind Tunnel Studies of the Effects of Simulated Damage on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Aeroplanes and Missiles”,Hardpress, NASA Tm-84588, United States, 1982.##
[10]  Render, P.M. “Aerodynamics of Battle Damaged Wings-the Influence of Flaps, Camber and Repair Schemes”, AIAA-2005 4721, 23rd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conf., Toronto, Ontario, 2005.##
[11] Robinson, K. W. and Leishman, J.G. “The Effect of Ballistic Damage on the Aerodynamic of Helicopter of Rotor Airfoils”, J. Aircraft, Vol. 35, n. 5, pp.695-703, 1998.##
[12] Mani, M. and Render, P. M. “Experimental Investigation Into the Aerodynamics Characteristics of Airfoils with Triangular and star Shaped through Damage”, AIAA-2005-4978, The 23rd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conf., Toronto, Ontario, 2005.##
[13] Wilcox, D. C. “Turbulence Modeling for CFD, DCWIndustries”, Los Angeles, Calif, USA, 2nd edition, 2004.##
[14] Yin, J.-L.,Wang, D.-Z.,Wu, Y.-L. and Walters, D. K. “A Modifiedk-𝜀 Model for Computation of Flows with Large Streamline Curvature”, Adv. Mech. Eng., Vol. 5, p. 592420, 2013.##
[15] Gu, X., Yin, J., Liu, J. and Wu, Y. “A Nonlinear k - 𝜀 Turbulence Model Applicable to High Pressure Gradient and Large Curvature Flow”, Math. Probl. Eng. 2014.##
[16] Körpe, D. S., Kanat, Ö. Ö. and Oktay, T. “Başlangıç y Plus Değerinin Etkileri: γ-Reθ SST Türbülans Modeli Kullanılarak 3D NACA 4412 Kanadının Sayısal Analizi”, European Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 692–702, 2019.##
[17] Farajollahi, A.H., Yazdani, Kh. and Naderi, A.A.“The Effect of the Geometric Parameters of the Fin on Aerodynamic Performance of Missile”, Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics Journal, Vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 141-151, 2020, (In Persian).##
[18] Ramezanizadeh, M. and Mohammadi, H. “Numerical Investigation of Aeroacoustic Phenomenon Flow over Tailless, Double,and Diamond Delta Wings, UsingLarge Eddy Simulation”, Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics Journal, Vol. 5, no. 1,pp. 1-15, (In Persian).##
[19] DehghanManshadi, M.Hejranfar K. and Farajollahi, A.H.“Effect of Vortex Generators on Hydrodynamic Behavior of an Underwater Axisymmetric Hull at High Angles of Attack”, J. Vis.,Vol. 20, no. 3, p.p. 559-579, 2017.##
[20] Heydari, A. and Pirhayati, Y.  ““The Effect of Oscillating Flows on Aerodynamic of Two Airfoils in Tandem, Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Vibration, JVIBME_Vol. 6, no. 3,pp. 24-29, 2015, (In persian).##
Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics
Volume 9, Issue 2 - Serial Number 26
November 2021
Pages 65-78

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 27 February 2021
  • Revise Date: 17 March 2021
  • Accept Date: 10 April 2021
  • Publish Date: 29 November 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics