Hydrazine monopropellant thrusters are most widely used for navigation and control systems of re-entry and manned payloads. In this paper, the effect of the internal geometry of the injector on the characteristics of the outlet liquid sheet, such as the liquid sheet thickness, the spray cone angle, the average output velocity, and its mass flow rate, has been studied. The injector chosen for the case study is the fuel injector of a 10N monopropellant hydrazine thruster. This injector was designed in such a way to achieve a medium spray angle and a very small sheet thickness, which is suitable considering the limited length of the catalytic chamber and leads to finer atomization. For this purpose, simulation of the internal flow based on the computational fluid dynamics is performed to predict the output flow characteristics, and then parametric studies are conducted to investigate the effects of geometry. The results of these studies show that the internal structure of the injector has a great influence on the control of the characteristics of the liquid sheet, and the ratios of fluid swirl radius to the nozzle radius/inlet duct radius have the greatest effect on the output spray characteristics, so that minimum average speed is achieved at larger ratios and maximum average speed is obtained at smaller ratios.
Yang, A.S. “Satellite Hydrazine Propulsion System Design Trades”, Da-Yeh University, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 41-50, 2001.##
Bayvel, L. and Orzechovski, Z. “Liquid Atomization”, 1th ed, Taylor & Francis., NY, USA, 1993.##
Buelow, Ph. E. O., Mao, Ch., Smith, S., and Bretz, D. “Two-phase Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis Applied to Prefilming Pure-Airblast Atomizer” J. Propuls. Power, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 235-241, 2003.##
El-Sayed Negeed, R., Hidaka, S., Kohno, M., and Takata, Y. “Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Liquid Sheet Breakup Characteristics”, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 95–106, 2011.##
Huh, K. Y. and Gosman, A.D. "A Phenomenological Model of Diesel Spray Atomization", International Conference on Multiphase Flows, Tsukuba, Japan, pp. 515-518, 1991.##
Sarre, C.K., Kong, S.C., and Reitz, R.D. "Modeling the Effects of Injector Nozzle Geometry on Diesel Sprays", Journal of Engines SAE Congress SAE Transactions, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 199-205, 1999.##
Klein, M. and Sadiki, A. "A Digital Filter Based Generation of Inflow Data for Spatially Developing Direct Numerical or Large Eddy Simulations", J. Comput. Phys., Vol. 186, No. 2, pp. 652-665, 2003.##
Trinh, H.P., Chen, C.P., and Balasubramanyan, M.S. “Numerical Simulation of Liquid Jet Atomization Including Turbulence Effects”, J. Eng. Gas Turbine. Power, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 920-928, 2007.##
Trinh Huu, P., “Modeling of Turbulence Effect on Liquid Jet Atomization, Phuoc ProQuest”, Dissertations and Theses (Ph.D.), The University of Alabama in Huntsville, US, 2004.##
Trinh Huu, P. and Chen, C. P. “Modeling of Turbulence Effects on Liquid Jet Atomization and Breakup”, 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, US, pp. 154-160, 2005.##
Hosseinalipour, S. M., Karimaei, H., and Ghorbani, R. “Study the Y-atomizer Performance of a Power Plant in Order to Extract Mean Droplet Diameter Range”, 2nd proceeding of gas turbine, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, May 2013, pp. 144-151. (in Persian)##
Hosseinalipour, S. M., Karimaei, H., and Ommi, F. “Numerical Study the Effect of Mass flow Rate on Liquid Sheet Properties Resulting From a Swirl Injector”, 3nd proceeding of gas turbine, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, pp. 120-127, May 2014. (in Persian)##
Hosseinalipour, S. M. and Karimaei, H. “A New Model Based on Coupling of MEP/CFD/ILIA for Prediction of Primary Atomization”, Can J Chem Eng, Vol. 94, No. 4, pp. 792-802, 2016.##
Hosseinalipour, S. M., Karimaei, H., Movahednejad, E., and Ommi, F. “Application of Maximum Entropy Principle for Estimation of Droplet-Size Distribution Using Internal Flow Analysis of a Swirl Injector”, Int. J. Spray Combust. Dyn, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 205-216, 2016.##
Asgari Mahdavi, S., ommi, F., and Movahednejad, E. "Analytical Study of the Effects of Air Swirl Flow on Spray Atomization", Aerospace Mechanics, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 45-55, 2014. (in Persian) ##
Karimaei, H. “Design and Simulation of Fuel Injector of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster”, J. Space Sci. . Tech., Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 59-65, 2018. (in Persian)##
Karimaei, , Naseh, H., Salimi, M. R., and Jokari, E. "Design of Physical Configuration of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster", J. Space Sci. Tech., Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 13-22, 2017. (in Persian)##
Akbari, "Experimental and Analytical Study of Performance Characteristics of Pressure-Swirl Duplex Injector", J. Mech. Eng., Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 29-37, 2020. (in Persian)##
Karimaei, Hadiseh, K. H. (2024). The Effect of internal geometry of the fuel injector of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster on the outlet liquid sheet characteristics. Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics, 10(1), 175-184.
MLA
Karimaei, Hadiseh Karimaei, Hadiseh. "The Effect of internal geometry of the fuel injector of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster on the outlet liquid sheet characteristics", Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics, 10, 1, 2024, 175-184.
HARVARD
Karimaei, Hadiseh, K. H. (2024). 'The Effect of internal geometry of the fuel injector of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster on the outlet liquid sheet characteristics', Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics, 10(1), pp. 175-184.
VANCOUVER
Karimaei, Hadiseh, K. H. The Effect of internal geometry of the fuel injector of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster on the outlet liquid sheet characteristics. Fluid Mechanics & Aerodynamics, 2024; 10(1): 175-184.
)
