بررسی افزودن نانوذرات مختلف به سوخت بر روی احتراق، اتمیزاسیون اسپری سوخت و آلایندگی موتور‌های دیزلی پاشش مستقیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علوم دریایی امام خمینی (ره) ، نوشهر ، ایران

چکیده

یکی از استراتژی‌های نوین به منظور بهبود عملکرد و آلایندگی موتورهای دیزلی، استفاده از سوخت‌های جایگزین و نیز افزودنی‌های مناسب نظیز نانوذرات به سوخت دیزل می‌باشد. نانوسوخت‌ها نقش بسزایی در بهینه‌کردن فرآیند‌های احتراق و در نتیجه مصرف سوخت و آلاینده‌های خروجی دارند. در این مقاله تاثیر افزودن نانوذرات مختلف (نانوذرات اکسیدهای سریم، آلومنیوم و مس) در غلظت 100 پی‌پی‌ام، به سوخت دیزل، بر روی فرآیند احتراق و آلایندگی موتورهای دیزلی با استفاده از کد دینامیک سیالات محاسباتیِ فایر، بررسی شده‌ است. برای ارزیابی نتایج حاصل از شبیه‌سازی، تغییرات فشار داخل سیلندر، مقدار بیشینه فشار تجربی و زاویه رخداد آن با مقدار حاصل از حل عددی مقایسه شده‌ است. در کنار این پارامتر، مقادیر تجربی آلاینده‌های اکسیدهای نیتروژن، دوده، توان و همچنین مصرف سوخت ویژه ترمزی با مقادیر عددی ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که نانوذرات، میزان حرارت منتقل شده به سوخت را افزایش داده و با تسریع احتراق، سبب کاهش زمان تاخیر در اشتعال می‌گردند. همچنین اختلاط بهتر مخلوط سوخت و هوا، در نانوذرات اکسید سریم نسبت به سایر نانوذرات، مکانسیم اشتعالی سوخت را بهبود بخشیده که منجر به احتراق کامل‌تر و افزایش 5/14 درصدی توان و نیز کاهش 6 درصدی مصرف سوخت و 34 درصدی آلاینده دوده در مقایسه با سوخت دیزل خالص گردید. تنها نکته منفی آن، افزایش 31 درصدی آلاینده اکسید نیتروژن می‌باشد که می‌توان آن را با مبدل‌های کاتالیزوری کاهش داد

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